The Standard Poodle.

Origin:
Although the French have taken claim to the Poodle, the actual origin of the Standard Poodle is unknown. The American Kennel Club actually credits Germany for the Standard Poodle. This is somewhat of a controversial topic and throughout Europe there are many claims of where the breed came from. 
The name 'Poodle' in German, translates to 'Pudel' meaning 'one who likes to play in water.' 
The smaller breeds of Poodles, Toy and Miniature, were bred down from the Standard Poodle over time. 
 
Purpose:
The Standard Poodle was originally used as a water retrieval dog for hunters. The 'Poodle Clip' known today comes from their original line of work, where hunters would clip their coat short, for ease of movement throughout the water, but keep a thick covering on their extremities due to the cold temperatures of the water. 
They were also used on land as sniffing dogs to find truffles under the ground.
Over time their intelligence and eagerness to please saw them move into performance work, being used in circus' and shows.  

Coat care:
Poodles require regular coat upkeep. Bathing and clipping is required at least every 8 weeks, if not more often. At this time their ears will also require plucking. 
A Poodle's coat must be clipped, as they are a hypoallergenic breed who does not shed any fur. They are an ideal dog for anyone who suffers allergies and this is why today 'Oodles' are a very popular mix of dogs, breeding the Poodle in with other breeds to make shedding less. 

Health & Temperament:
Standard Poodles are considered an easy, all round dog to keep. Aside from their extensive grooming requirements, the Standard Poodle is happy with an easy daily walk. They enjoy the company of other dogs and being with their family. They are incredibly intelligent, making them easy to train.
The breed is prone to cataracts, hip dysplasia and bloat. Allergies and skin conditions can also be common too. 
They are, otherwise, generally a healthy breed of dog and live 13+ years.